SOLAR SYSTEM DATA ================= John Pazmino NYSkies Astronomy Inc www.nyskies.org nyskies@nyskies.org 2020 August 20 Introduction ---------- While working on other matters I came across this handy table of astronomy data for solar system bodies. and a few stars It's from The Physics Hypertextbook web in eaarly august 2020.data were compiled I did minor editing, I did minor editing, mainly to shorten or clarify wording. There are several banks of data:inner planets, outer planets, minor bodies, Jupiter satellites, other large satellites, some stars. By having this table in a simple file, saved to disc, I find that it saves a lot of time and effort looking items up in books and charts. One curious omission are the perigee and apogee of 'selected large' satellites. These can be calculated as needed from the given semimajor axis and eccentricity. perigee = (semimajor axis) * (1 + eccentricity) apogee = (semimajor axis) * (1 - eccentricity) ASTRONOMICAL DATA I fetched thsd table in early August 2020. Data in it may be revided as new indformation becomes available. ================ The inner planets (terrestrial planets) --------------------------------------- Mercury Venus Earth Mars ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- mass (1e24 kg) 0.33011 4.8675 5.9723 0.64171 mean radius (km) 2,439.7 6,051.8 6,371.000 3,389.5 equat'l rad (km) 2,439.7 6,051.8 6,378.137 3,396.2 polar radius (km) 2,439.7 6,051.8 6,356.752 3,376.2 flat factor 0.0000 0.0000 0.003353 0.00589 mom'tinertia const 0.33 0.33 0.3308 0.366 axial tilt (ø) 0.034 177.36 23.44 25.19 s'maj axis(1e6 km) 57.91 108.21 149.60 227.92 peri'n (1e6 km) 46.00 107.48 147.09 206.62 aphelion(1e6 km) 69.82 108.94 152.10 249.23 eccentricity 0.2056 0.0067 0.0167 0.0935 inclination (ø) 7.00 3.39 0 1.850 sid period (days) 87.969 224.701 365.256 686.980 trop period (days) 87.968 224.695 365.242 686.973 sid day (hours) 1,407.6 -5,832.5 23.9345 24.6229 solar day(hours) 4,222.6 2,802.0 24.0000 24.6597 surf atm pres (kPa) 1e-12 9,200 101.325 0.638 mean surf temp (K) 440 737 288 210 blabody temp (K) 442.5 231.7 254.3 210.1 nat/lsatellites none none 1 2 planet rings none none none none ============================================================ The outer planets (Jovian planets) ---------------------------------- Jupiter Saturn Uranus N Neptune - --------- ---------- ---------- ---------- mass(1e24 kg) 1,898.19 568.34 86.813 102.413 mean radius(km) 69,911 58,232 25,362 24,622 equa'l rad (km 71,492 60,268 25,559 24,764 polar radius(km) 66,854 54,364 24,973 24,341 flat factor 0.06487 0.09796 0.02293 0.01708 mom't inertia cons 0.254 0.210 0.225 ? axial tilt (ø) 3.13 26.73 97.77 28.32 s'naj axis(1e6 km) 778.57 1,433.53 2,872.46 4,495.06 perihe'n (1e6 km) 740.52 1,352.55 2,741.30 4,444.45 aphelion (1e6 km) 816.62 1 1,514.50 3,003.62 4,545.67 eccentricity 0.0489 0.0565 0.0457 0.0113 inclination (ø) 1.304 2.485 0.772 1.769 sid period (days) 4,332.589 10,759.22 30,685.4 60,189 trop period (days) 4,330.595 10,746.94 30,588.740 59,799.9 sid day (hours) 9.9250 10.656 -17.24 16.11 solar day (hours) 9.9259 10.656 17.24 16.11 surf atm pres(kPa) n/a n/a n/a n/a mean sur temp (K) 165 134 76 72 blkbodytemp (K) 110.0 81.1 58.2 46.6 naturalsatellites 79 62 27 14 planetary rings 1 extensive 13 9 discovery antiquity antiquity 13 Mar 1781 23 Sep 1846 ================================================================= Selected minor bodies --------------------- Ceres Halley Pluto Eris ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- family main belt comet Kuiper belttransNeptunian mass (1e24 kg) 0.000938 0.0075 0.01303 ? mean radius (km) 469.7 5.5 1,187 1,350 axial tilt (ø) ? ? 122.53 ? s'maj axis(1e6 km) 414.012 2,667.95 5,906.38 10,139.8 perih'n (1e6 km) 382.621 87.661 4,436.82 5,671.36 aphelion (1e6 km) 445.405 5,248.24 7,375.93 14,608.3 eccentricity 0.758228 0.967143 0.2488 0.440685 pnclination (ø) 10.5934 -17.7373 17.16 44.0447 sid period (days) 1,681.63 27,509.1 90,560 203,824 trop period (days) ? ? ? ? sideral day (hours) 9.07417 ? -153.2928 25.9 dolar day (hours) ? ? 153.2820 ? surf atm pres (kPa) ? ? 0.0003 ? mean surf temp (K) 167 ? 0 ? lckbodytemp (K) ? ? 37.5 ? naturalsatellites 0 0 5 1 discovery 1 Jan 1801 antiquity 8 Feb 1930 5 Jan 2005 ================================================================ The Galilean satellites of Jupiter ---------------------------------- Io Europa Ganymede Callisto ---------- --------- --------- ---------- mass(1e22 kg) 8.932 4.800 14.819 10.759 mean radius(km) 1,821.6 1,560.8 2,631.2 2,410.3 s'maj axis (km) 421,800 671,100 1,070,400 1,882,700 eccentricity 0.004 0.009 0.001 0.007 inclination (ø) 0.04 0.47 0.18 0.19 sid periodt (days) 1.769138 3.551181 7.154553 16.689017 discovery 7 Jan 1610 7 Jan 1610 7 Jan 1610 7 Jan 1610 ================================================================ Selected large satellites ------------------------ Moon Titan Triton Charon ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- satellite of Earth Saturn Neptune Pluto mass (1e22 kg) 7.346 13.455 2.14 0.1586 mean radius (km) 1,737.4 2,575 1,353.4 603.6 s'maj axis (km) 384,400 1,221,830 354,760 19,596 perigee (km) 363,300 n/a n/a n/a apogee(km) 405,500 n/a n/a n/a eccentricity 0.0549 0.0292 0.000016 0.0002 inclination (ø) 5.145 0.33 157.345 0.00005 sid year (days) 27.3217 15.945421 -5.876854 6.3872 surf atm pres (kPa) 1e-13 150 ? ? mean surf temp (K) 95-390 95 ? ? discovery antiquity 25 Mar 1655 10 Oct 184 22 June 1978 =================================================================== Selected stars -------------- Sun Prox Cen Sirius Betelgeuse ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- mass 1.988e30 kg 0.12 Sun 2.14 Sun 12-17 Sun radius 6.957e08 m 0.12 Sun 1.68 Sun 650 Sun luminosity 3.828e26 W 0.0009 Sin 26.1 Sun? 9,400 Sun temperature 5772 K 2670 K 9900 K 3100 K type G2 main seq M5red dwarf A1 main se M1 supergiant distance 1.496e11 m 4.27 ly 8.57 ly 520 ly ============================================================